Sutton Hoo
Sutton Hoo on the banks of the River Deben in Suffolk is the most significant Anglo-Saxon archaeological site in Britain and the location of one of the most dramatic archaeological discoveries of the twentieth century. The burial ground, containing a series of barrow mounds on a ridge above the tidal estuary, was excavated in 1939 when the landowner Edith Pretty commissioned local archaeologist Basil Brown to investigate the largest mound on the property. What he found within it transformed our understanding of early medieval England. The great ship burial in Mound 1 was that of a wealthy and powerful individual whose identity has never been conclusively established, though the most widely accepted hypothesis identifies him as King Rædwald of East Anglia, who died around 625 AD and was one of the most powerful rulers of early England. The burial took place within an open rowing ship approximately 27 metres long, hauled from the estuary and placed in a pit excavated into the ridge. Within the ship a wooden chamber contained one of the most spectacular treasure assemblages ever found in Britain: a decorated helmet, shield and sword of extraordinary craftsmanship, a purse containing gold coins from Frankish mints, silver plate from the Eastern Mediterranean, gold and garnet jewellery of exceptional artistry and numerous other objects reflecting the wealth, power and wide international connections of an early English king. The Sutton Hoo helmet, reconstructed from over 500 fragments of iron and tinned bronze, has become one of the most recognisable objects of early medieval England. Its full-face design with boar crest and decorated cheek guards combines protection with a ferocious visual impact designed to impress and intimidate, and the technical skill of its construction reflects both the resources and the craftsman tradition available to early English royalty. The National Trust visitor centre at Sutton Hoo provides excellent interpretation of the finds and the period, including high-quality replicas of the treasure that allow visitors to appreciate the objects in a way that museum display alone cannot provide. The burial mounds themselves can be walked, and the walking routes through the estate's beautiful woodland and estuary landscape provide additional pleasures to a visit that combines archaeology, history and the excellent setting on the Suffolk coast.